EFFECT OF SEED FORM AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER RATES ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME SUGAR BEET VARIETIES IN SANDY SOIL

Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out in two successive seasons 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 in El-Salhia- Elsharkia Governorate to study the effect of seed form and nitrogen fertilizer rates on some sugar beet varieties. This study included thirty treatments which were the combination between two seeds form i.e. pelleted and incrusted seeds, three nitrogen  levels (80, 100 and 120 kg N/fed) and five mono-germ sugar beet varieties imported from Poland by KHBC company i.e. Fantizia, Jamajka, Jampol , Javelin and Melodia.The obtained results showed that sugar beet varieties  were significantly differed in  root diameter (cm), root length(cm), root fresh weight (g),TSS%, sucrose % , purity %, root yield (ton /fed.) and sugar yield (ton /fed.).  Sugar beet variety Javeln gave the highest values of root fresh weight (1105.72 and 1121.50 g), , root yield ( 44.23 and 45.18 ton /fed.) and sugar yield (6.83 and 5.68 ton /fed.) as compared with all other studied varieties in both seasons, respectively. Sugar beet plants received 120kg N/fed gave the highest values of root fresh weight, TSS%, sucrose % , root yield  and sugar yield per fed in both seasons. Sowing sugar beet plants by seed form of pelleted seed surpassed seed form of incrusted seed in all studied character's in both seasons, except purity % in the second season. The highest root yield per Fadden was recorded with fertilized sugar beet variety Melodia ,while applied 120kgN/ fed gave the highest and significant sugar yield per fed of Javelin and Fantizia  in 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 seasons, respectively. Sowing variety Javelin by seed form pelleted gave the highest sugar yield per feddan .   
Generally it could be recommended that sugar beet Javelin , nitrogen fertilizer at the rate of 120kgN/Fadden and seed pelleted improvement root and sugar yield per Fadden under sandy soil at El-Salhia- Elsharkia Governorate.